Improvement in fire-places



I. ADAIR...

FIRE PLACE. NOn1 791389- Patented m 4,1876.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JAMES ADAIR, OF KILIJBUOK TOWNSHIP, ALLEGHENY COUNTY, PA.

IMPROVEMENT IN FIRE-PLACES.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 179,389, dated July 4, 1876, application filed May 31, 1876. v

To all whom it may concern p Be it known that I, JAMES ADAIR, of Killbuck township, (Pittsburg P. 0.,) county of Allegheny, State of Pennsylvania, have invented or discovered a new and useful Improvement in Fire Place and Grate; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, concise, and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawing, making a part of this specification, in whichlike letters indicatinglike parts Figure 1 is a sectional View in perspective, from the front, of my improved fire place and grate. Fig. 2 is a like view from the rear; and Figs. 3, 4., 5, and 6 are separate views of detached parts, as hereinafter explained.

My present invention relates chiefly to certain improvements in the grate described in patent granted -to me July 6, 1875. Some practical difiiculties have been 'experienced'in setting the damper therein described, and while overcoming these I have also improved the construction in other respects.

In the drawing, A represents the hearth, A the ash-pit, A the chimney, and A the air and dust flue in the rear of the fire space or chamber B. The latter is inclosed by the usual rear, side, and roofing tile B B and B and a throat, 1), makes provision for the passage of smoke, &c., from the fire to the chimney.

The first part of my invention relates to the manner of forming the air-flue A For this purpose I use a flanged plate, a, of any suitable material, preferably of sheet metal, the flanges a being made to bear against the back wall. The flanges a also have, by preference, an outwardly-bent narrow flange, a along the edge of each,to stiffen them, give a better hearing against the back wall, and enable the device, by nail-holes therein, to be secured to the back wall. A cross-plate,'a may be employed from one flange a to the other at the upper end, and one or more nail-holes in it will comas set forth in the patent above referred to.

This device thus attached to the back wall of the chimney, aflords an easy and convenient tersection of the rear and bottom sides of the fire-chamber, and preferably through a shallow grate in or under the back tile. To this end, as shown in the drawing,"I suspend just beneath the back tile B by suitable gudgeons e, resting on the lower tile B a grate, 0, made comparatively shallow, and preferably standing vertical, though i what inclined, if so preferred. I

The bottom of the fire-chamber is made close over the whole or greater part of its extent by means of a tile, D, which slopes downward from the front, as shown, and passes under the lower edge of the grate c. This tile is made with flutin gs 01, extending from its lower end any desired distance up, as shown in Fig. 4, and for convenience in use and operation it is secured to a metallic backing, al This metallic backing has a hook, s, which, passing through the slot 9 of the plate 9 engages a cross-bar, s, on the lower end of said plate 9.

This plate g constitutes a fixed support for the tile D, and the recess 9 is wide enough to permit of the hook .5 moving up and down, so

that the tile may be caused to move up and down by a sliding motion, and thus clear itself'of ashes.

This sliding motion may be effected in any desired way, one such being by the use ofa hook entering the eye (1 but for convenience I use a pair of tongs, H, with a hook, h, on each leg. Then I make a fixed eye, r, at'any convenient point in line with the eye d say in the fender-plate R-and inserting a hook, h, in each eye, I use the tongs as a lever to shift the bottom tile 1). At or a little before the end of the upward movement of the tile, a pin, i, engages the grate c, and by giving it t may be somea slight jar or a motion greater or less, facilitates the discharge of the ashes. The too great movement of the grate e in the opposite direction is prevented by any suitable stop,

' as at 2". The hook s also has the capacity of turning slightly by a short rotary motion on the cross-bar s, whereby the bottom tile D may be turned up to the position shown in Fig. 2, so as to dump or empty all, or any desired portion, of the contents of the fire-basket into the ash-pit below.

. When not in dumping position, it may be lockedin any suitable way; but I prefer to arrange the hook s so far to the rear of the center of gravity of the tile D that the preponderance of the weight of the forward or outer end will keep the tile in proper position for ordinary uses.

The tender-plate R is hinged, to enable it to be turned up, as in Fig. 2, as a guard against danger of fire, and also to throw back into the fire-basket any ashes or coals that may have worked or fallen out. R constitutes the fender-frame, and, like the front P, may be of any desired form or construction.

Some portions of the devices described may be vomitted without impairing materially or destroying the usefuLfunctions of the other parts, and numerous modifications vmay be made without any substantial departure from the scope of my invention-as for example, the form of the grate 0 maybe varied at pleasure, and it may be arranged horizontally at the lower end of the tileD, the latter being shortened a little for the purpose. In this respect it is only essential that the open grate for admitting air to the fire be at the lower rear side of the fire-basket, while the bottom of the firebasket over the whole or greater part of its area is closed, or substantially so; and, for this purpose, the bottom may be made of two or more closely-fitting tile, instead of one, and any suitable means may be employed for efi'ectin g the removal of the ashes-dumpin g, or shaking, or both.

I The flntings d are preferably used in orde to supply air to the fuel at the desired dissubstantially as set forth.

tance up the tile D; also, the place of the plate a may be supplied by an open-ended box'or tube similarly arranged, so as to make a flue, and constitute a flue-lining, and also support the damper and back tile.

One advantage derived from the use of the rear sloping bottom tile is that all. ashes are thereby discharged into the ash-pit at the point farthest removed from the front, and the wood work of the floor is guarded from danger of fire.

I claim herein as my invention-- 1. A flue-lining, an, arranged between the back wall and the back tile of the fire-chamber, and supporting the damper and back tile,

2. The rear sloping bottom tile D, in combination with a grate, arranged at its rear lower end, substantially as and for the purposes set forth. .7

3. A low-down fire-grate, arranged at the rear lower corner of the fire-basket, in combination witha close bottom under the whole or the greaterv part of the fire-space, and an air and dust flue, and damper in the rear, substantially asset forth.

4. The combination of a movable bottom 'D, an eye, d thereon, and a fixed eye, 1", in

line therewith, arranged for use with a doublehooked lever or tongs, substantially as set forth.

7. The plate 9, having-a slot, g, and crossbar 8', in combination with tile D and hook s,

substantially as set forth. I

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand.

JAMES A-DYAIR.

Witnesses:

S. A. WILL, GEO. H. OHRIsrY. 

